What are Python file operations?

What are Python file operations?

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Python provides several ways to perform file operations, which include:

1. Creating Files: Python has the ability to create a new file using the open() function. The mode parameter of the open() function is used to specify whether you want to open the file in read, write, or append mode.

Example:

f = open("newfile.txt", "w")
f.close()

2. Reading Files: Python can be used to read the contents of a text file. The read() method of the open() function is used to read the entire file at once. Alternatively, you can use a loop to read the file line by line.

Example:

f = open("file.txt", "r")
print(f.read())
f.close()

3. Writing Files: Python's write() method allows you to write text to a file.

Example:

f = open("newfile.txt", "w")
f.write("Hello, World!")
f.close()

4. Appending Files: The append mode of the open() function allows you to add content to the end of an existing file.

Example:

f = open("file.txt", "a")
f.write("New text appended.")
f.close()

5. Opening Files in Binary Mode: Python's open() function also provides a way to open files in binary mode, which is useful for reading and writing non-text files (like images or executable programs).

Example:

f = open("binaryfile.bin", "rb")
data = f.read()
f.close()

6. Directory Operations: Python has the ability to list directories and create new ones using the os module.

Examples:

import os
print(os.listdir())  # List current directory contents.
os.mkdir("newdir")     # Create a new directory.

7. File Permissions: Python can be used to check or modify the permissions of a file using the stat and chmod() functions from the os module.

Examples:

import os
print(os.stat("file.txt").st_mode)  # Check file permissions.
os.chmod("file.txt", 0o755)         # Change file permissions.

8. File Locking: Python has the ability to lock a file for exclusive access using the fcntl and lockf() functions (on Unix-based systems).

Example:

import fcntl
fd = open("file.txt", "w")
fcntl.lockf(fd, fcntl.LOCK_EX)
Exclusive access to the file.
fcntl.funlock(fd)  # Release the lock when you're done.

These are just a few examples of the many ways Python can be used for file operations. The built-in open() function is a powerful tool that allows you to read, write, and manipulate files with ease.

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Python file operations list

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