How to do OAuth authentication in Python?

How to do OAuth authentication in Python?

OAuth (Open Authorization) is an authorization framework that enables a third-party application to access resources on behalf of a resource owner (typically, the end-user). In Python, you can implement OAuth authentication using libraries like requests and pyjwt.

Step 1: Register your application

Register your Python application with the provider (e.g., Google, Facebook) that you want to use for authentication. You'll receive a client ID (also known as consumer key) and client secret.

Step 2: Obtain an access token

To obtain an access token, your Python script needs to send a request to the authorization endpoint of the provider. The request should include the following:

Here's an example using requests:

import requests
Replace these with your actual values
client_id = "your_client_id"
redirect_uri = "http://localhost:8080/callback"
scope = ["read"]
auth_url = f"https://accounts.google.com/oath20authorize?"
f"client_id={client_id}&"
f"redirect_uri={redirect_uri}&"
f"response_type=code&"
f"scope={scope}&"
f"state=random_state_value"
response = requests.get(auth_url)

Step 3: Handle the redirect

After the user approves your application's request, they'll be redirected to the redirect_uri. Your Python script should handle this redirect by sending a request to the token endpoint to exchange the authorization code for an access token.

Here's an example using requests:

# Extract the authorization code from the redirect URL
code = urlparse(response.url).query.get("code")
Request the token endpoint
token_url = "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token"
headers = {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
data = {
"grant_type": "authorization_code",
"code": code,
"redirect_uri": redirect_uri,
"client_id": client_id,
"client_secret": "your_client_secret"
}
response = requests.post(token_url, headers=headers, data=data)
Parse the access token from the response
access_token = json.loads(response.content)["access_token"]

Step 4: Use the access token

With the access token, you can now access protected resources on behalf of the user. For example, you can use the token to fetch user information:

# Make a request to the protected endpoint
user_info_url = "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/userinfo"
headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}"}
response = requests.get(user_info_url, headers=headers)
Parse the user information from the response
user_info = json.loads(response.content)
print(user_info["name"], user_info["email"])

In this example, we've demonstrated how to implement OAuth authentication in Python using requests and pyjwt. Remember to handle errors and exceptions properly when working with external APIs.

Additional Tips

Python oauth github

Python Oauth GitHub!

Let's dive into the world of Python and GitHub to explore how we can use OAuth (Open Authorization) to authenticate API requests.

What is OAuth?

OAuth is an authorization framework that enables users to grant third-party applications limited access to their resources without sharing their login credentials. This allows for secure, delegated access to APIs.

Why do we need OAuth with GitHub?

GitHub provides a robust API for developers to interact with their repositories, issues, and more. However, these requests require authentication to ensure only authorized users can perform actions on their behalf. That's where OAuth comes in! By using OAuth with GitHub, you can securely authenticate your Python application to access specific APIs and resources.

How do we implement OAuth with GitHub and Python?

Here are the steps:

Let's take a look at some Python code to illustrate this process:

import requests
Replace with your own values
client_id = "your_client_id"
client_secret = "your_client_secret"
redirect_uri = "http://localhost:8000/callback"
def get_access_token():
auth_url = "https://github.com/login/oauth/authorize"
token_url = "https://github.com/login/oauth/access_token"
Step 1: Redirect user to GitHub's authorization URL
r = requests.get(auth_url, params={"client_id": client_id, "redirect_uri": redirect_uri})
auth_code = r.url.split("=")[1].split("&")[0]
Step 2: Exchange the authorization code for an access token
payload = {"grant_type": "authorization_code", "code": auth_code, "redirect_uri": redirect_uri}
headers = {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
r = requests.post(token_url, data=payload, headers=headers)
access_token = r.json()["access_token"]
return access_token
def make_github_request(access_token):
Step 3: Use the access token to authenticate API requests
base_url = "https://api.github.com"
repo_url = f"{base_url}/repos/username/repository-name/issues"
headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}", "User-Agent": "Your-App"}
r = requests.get(repo_url, headers=headers)
print(r.json())
Example usage
access_token = get_access_token()
make_github_request(access_token)

Conclusion

In this example, we've demonstrated how to implement OAuth with GitHub using Python. This allows your application to securely access GitHub APIs and resources on behalf of users without sharing their login credentials. By following these steps and using the requests library, you can build robust integrations between your Python app and GitHub.

Remember to replace the placeholders (your_client_id, your_client_secret, and http://localhost:8000/callback) with your actual values from the GitHub Developer Tools. Happy coding!