Python django rest framework github

Python django rest framework github

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How to build a REST API in Python with Django?

Building a RESTful API in Python using Django is a great way to create scalable and efficient APIs. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to do it:

Step 1: Set up your project

First, you need to set up a new Django project. Open a terminal and run the following command:

django-admin startproject myproject
cd myproject

This will create a new directory called myproject with the basic structure for a Django project.

Step 2: Create your app

In Django, you can have multiple apps within a project. Each app is responsible for managing its own models, views, and templates. To create a new app, run:

python manage.py startapp myapi

This will create a new directory called myapi with the basic structure for an app.

Step 3: Define your models

In Django, you use models to represent the data in your application. To define your models, open the file models.py inside your myapi directory and add your model definitions:

from django.db import models
class Book(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
author = models.CharField(max_length=100)
publication_date = models.DateField()

This defines a simple Book model with three fields: title, author, and publication_date.

Step 4: Create your views

Views are the functions that handle HTTP requests in Django. To create a new view, open the file views.py inside your myapi directory:

from django.http import HttpResponse
from .models import Book
def book_list(request):
books = Book.objects.all()
return HttpResponse('
' + 'n'.join([f'{book.title}' for book in books]) + '')
def book_detail(request, pk):
book = Book.objects.get(pk=pk)
return HttpResponse(f'
{book.title}
Author: {book.author}
')

This defines two views: book_list and book_detail. The first view returns a list of all books in the database, while the second view returns a detailed page for each book.

Step 5: Create your URL patterns

URLs are used to map URLs to views in Django. To create your URL patterns, open the file urls.py inside your myapi directory:

from django.urls import path
from .views import book_list, book_detail
urlpatterns = [
path('books/', book_list),
path('books//', book_detail),
]

This defines two URL patterns: one for listing all books (/books/) and one for displaying a single book (/books/<pk>/).

Step 6: Add your app to the project

To add your myapi app to your project, open the file settings.py in your project directory and add the following line:

INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'myapi',
]

Step 7: Create a Django REST framework API

To create a Django REST framework API, you need to install it first. Run:

pip install djangorestframework

Then, add the following line to your settings.py file:

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoAuthorizationOnly'
]
}

This sets up basic permission controls for your API.

Step 8: Define your serializers

Serializers are used to convert your models into JSON data. To define a serializer, open the file serializers.py inside your myapi directory:

from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Book
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Book
fields = ['title', 'author', 'publication_date']

This defines a BookSerializer that converts Book models into JSON data.

Step 9: Create your API views

To create your API views, open the file views.py inside your myapi directory:

from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from .serializers import BookSerializer
class BookList(APIView):
def get(self, request):
books = Book.objects.all()
serializer = BookSerializer(books, many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)
class BookDetail(APIView):
def get(self, request, pk):
book = Book.objects.get(pk=pk)
serializer = BookSerializer(book)
return Response(serializer.data)

This defines two API views: BookList and BookDetail. The first view returns a list of all books in the database, while the second view returns a detailed page for each book.

Step 10: Map your API views to URLs

To map your API views to URLs, open the file urls.py inside your myapi directory:

from django.urls import path
from .views import BookList, BookDetail
urlpatterns = [
path('books/', BookList.as_view()),
path('books//', BookDetail.as_view()),
]

This defines two URL patterns: one for listing all books (/books/) and one for displaying a single book (/books/<pk>/).

That's it! You now have a basic RESTful API in Python using Django. Of course, this is just the tip of the iceberg - there are many more features and configurations you can add to make your API more robust and scalable.

Hope that helps!