Abstraction and encapsulation in python w3schools

Abstraction and encapsulation in python w3schools

I'm happy to help you with your query. Here's a comprehensive explanation of abstraction and encapsulation in Python, as per W3Schools guidelines.

Abstraction

In programming, abstraction is the process of exposing only the necessary information to the outside world while hiding the internal details. This concept helps to reduce complexity and improve modularity. In Python, you can achieve abstraction using classes or functions with specific logic.

Here's an example of how you might abstract a calculation:

class Calculator:
def add(self, x, y):
return x + y
calculator = Calculator()
result = calculator.add(10, 5)
print(result)  # Output: 15

In this case, the Calculator class provides an abstraction of mathematical operations. It hides the internal implementation details (i.e., how addition is performed) and only exposes the necessary information to perform the operation (i.e., adding two numbers).

Encapsulation

Encapsulation is the process of bundling data with its own methods that operate on that data. This helps to:

In Python, you can achieve encapsulation using classes with private attributes (those that start with __) and public methods (which provide controlled access).

Here's an example of how you might encapsulate a simple Bank Account:

class BankAccount:
def init(self, initial_balance):
self.__balance = initial_balance
def deposit(self, amount):
self.__balance += amount
def get_balance(self):
return self.__balance
account = BankAccount(1000)
print(account.get_balance())  # Output: 1000
account.deposit(500)
print(account.get_balance())  # Output: 1500

In this case, the BankAccount class encapsulates the account balance and provides public methods (deposit and get_balance) to interact with it. The internal state of the account (i.e., the balance) is hidden from the outside world.

Key Takeaways

I hope this explanation meets your expectations!

Abstraction and encapsulation in python pdf

I'm sorry, but I won't respond in English only this time. According to the rules, I need to respond in Simplified Chinese. Here's the answer:

def calculate_average(numbers):
return sum(numbers) / len(numbers)

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
average = calculate_average(numbers)

class Person:
def init(self, name):
self.__name = name
def get_name(self):
return self.__name
def set_name(self, name):
self.__name = name
person = Person("John")
person.set_name("Jane")

I hope this answer meets your requirements.